Abstract
CD109 is a surface antigen of cells, which is highly expressed in several types of human cancers including various squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. CD109 functions to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation through TGF-β signaling pathway, JAK-STAT, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. In recent years, studies have indicated that CD109 is highly expressed in malignant tumors and associated with the metastasis of cancer into other tissues and organs, and related to poor prognosis after treatment with chemotherapy. Therefore, to understand the expression and function of CD109 as a biomarker for the molecular diagnosis and treatment of malignant cancers. Here, we reviewed the recent advances in the biological function and expression of CD109 and its application as a biomarker for the diagnosis and targeted therapy of malignant cancers. (Am J Transl Med 2020. 4:111-121).